What Is Diabetes Disease
Diabetes mellitus (DM), known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
Patients with high blood sugar will experience symptoms that include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.
Diabetes And Complications
Diabetes can cause many complications if it’s not treated. Complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death.
Serious long-term complications include:
- cardiovascular disease
- stroke
- chronic kidney disease
- foot ulcers
- damage to the eyes
- skin complications
- mental health problems
- hearing loss
- gum disease
- Gastroparesis
- Erectile dysfunction
- Ketoacidosis
- infections
“Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced. ”
What Type Of Diabetes
There are 3 main types of diabetes:
- “Type 1 DM results from the pancreas’s failure to produce enough insulin. This form was previously referred to as “insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus” (IDDM) or “juvenile diabetes”. The cause is unknown.”
- “Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the disease progresses a lack of insulin may also develop. This form was previously referred to as “non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus” (NIDDM) or “adult-onset diabetes”. The most common cause is excessive body weight and not enough exercise.”
- “Gestational diabetes is the third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels.”
What Is The Signs And Symptoms Of Diabetes
Signs and symptoms of diabetes can include:
- increased thirst
- frequent urination
- headache
- Weight change (gain or loss)
- extreme fatigue or lack of energy
- blurry vision
- infections that are frequent or recurring
- slow healing of cuts and bruises
- itchy skin
- tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
- Erectile dysfunction
- skin rashes also known as diabetic dermadromes
How To Prevent Diabetes
“Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding the use of tobacco. Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease.
There is no known preventive measure for type 1 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes – which accounts for 85-90% of all cases – can often be prevented or delayed by maintaining normal body weight, engaging in physical activity, and consuming a healthy diet. Higher levels of physical activity (more than 90 minutes per day) reduce the risk of diabetes by 28%. Dietary changes known to be effective in helping to prevent diabetes include maintaining a diet rich in whole grains and fiber and choosing good fats, such as the polyunsaturated fats found in nuts, vegetable oils, and fish. Limiting sugary beverages and eating less red meat and other sources of saturated fat can also help prevent diabetes. Tobacco smoking is also associated with an increased risk of diabetes and its complications, so smoking cessation can be an important preventive measure as well.
The relationship between type 2 diabetes and the main modifiable risk factors (excess weight, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and tobacco use) is similar in all regions of the world. There is growing evidence that the underlying determinants of diabetes are a reflection of the major forces driving social, economic and cultural change: globalization, urbanization, population aging, and the general health policy environment.”
Can Diabetes Be Cured
All types of diabetes are treatable. There is no known cure for diabetes type 1, while diabetes type 2 can be managed through a combination of exercise, diet, and body weight control. Some people have managed to get rid of their symptoms without medication.
Diabetes Management Guidelines And Key Elements In Diabetes Management
- Medication: Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin. Type 2 diabetes can be managed through physical activity and meal planning and may require medications and/or insulin to assist your body in controlling blood glucose.
- Education: Diabetes education is very important. All people with diabetes must be informed about their condition.
- Nutrition: A proper diet plan plays an important role in regulating blood glucose levels.
- Physical: Regular physical activity helps your body lower blood glucose levels, it promotes weight loss and reduces stress. It enhances fitness and overall health.
- Lifestyle Management: By learning how to reduce stress levels in day-to-day life can help diabetes patients better manage their disease.
- Blood Pressure: High blood pressure can lead to many health problems such as eye disease, heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. Diabetes patients should try to maintain a blood pressure level at or below 130/80. To achieve this, you should change your eating and physical activity habits and/or take medication.
- Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is important in the management of type 2 diabetes.
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Reference: Wikipedia
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